Impeovement ijj



v@uitrit lyftatrs @anni lglficn.

GEORGE fr. PALMER., -OF BROOKLYN, New YORK. i j .s

Letlers Patent No. 73.751, datei January 28, 1868; mIterfIf/:d January 16, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN FILTERS.y

TO ALL WIIOM IT MAY ACONCERN: l

Bc it known that I, GEORGE T. PALMEmof Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, in the State of New York, f have invented a new and useful Mode of 1Making Filters to filter liquids; and I do hereby declare that thc following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and the letters. of reference marked thereon. Similar letters in the different drawings represent lil-:c parts.

The nature and object of my invention are to make a compound filter, (and improve the parts thereoi`,) that y will deliver a larger amount of filtered water than any filter now used, (the pressure of water, filtering-medium, and its thickness and area at' surface being the saine also to more eifectually cleanse the separate lters, by reversing the current of water through a filter when it has become foul and requires cleansing, than can be done in the same space ci' time with any filter now in public use.

I will new proceed to describe the various parts of my improved lter.

FigurcI is a horizontal section of my improved compound ltcr.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the filter-chambers ease.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of theoutside of one of the filters.

Figure 4 is a vertical section of the filter, tig. 3.

Figure 5 is 4a part of one of the confining-plates, showing the inside face thereof. Y i

Figure 6 is a cross-section of a confining-plate, coarse-wire (supporting) screen, and inewire (confining) screen.

Figure 7 is a cross-section of a perforated coniiningplatc, made in the manner now used, with my arrangement of a coarsewire screen and fine-wire gauze, as shown in iig. 6.

In fig.1, A Ais the lter-chambcr case A A are partitions which divide the chambers; A is an outside wall to the water-channels; II His a water-channel; Z is a stop-cock; e e e"ure filter-chambers; B B Il are filters; Fl F3 is the filtering-material; c c c c" are confining-plates, having perforatons through them; n n are rods to secure the confining-plates c c' c e,- gis a. chamber to receive the filtered water from the filteringmedinms F1 Fi; p is a port or passage for water between the chambery and channel H; o is a rubber washer or neck, to join the chamber g with the water-channel H.

In tig. 2, A is the filterscontaining case; Bis a filter, secured in its water-chamber e e are empty waterehambers; H, a channel for the delivery of filtered water; a, a channel for receiving the water to be filtered, and for conveying it to the chambers e e c" d d are openings to the filter-chambers e e e" b b 1;"are stopeocks or valves to shut off the water from the filter-chambers e e e", z' i" are valves to close the water-passages from the chambers g to the channel II; k k are cocks to draw oii' the water from the chambers e c e; l is a stop-cock.

In iig. 3', t isthe filter-case; o is a neel.; to connect the filter B and chambery with the channel H in iig.

1; c is a perforated confining-plateA In fig. 5, c is a portion of the confining-plate c in tigs.1 and 3; r areperforations; ffff are vertical ribs; s s s are cross or horizontal ribs.

In iig. 6, c is a perforated confining-plate; f are ribs on the inside of the plae c'; D is a coarse-wire (supporting) screen, shown by the red color; E p is'a line-wire (confining) screen, shown by thc blue line; r r are perforations u u are the blank. spaces on the outside of the plate c, which are tapered ofi' to a narrow edge on the inside of the plate, by the ribsf and s, shown on iig. 5.

In iig. 7, Il is a perforated confining-plate, made in the usual manner; M* are perforations; u u are blank spaces between the perforations r r; D is a coarse-wire supportingscreen, shown by the red color; E, a line; wire confining-screen, shown by the blue line. A

The object of the ribsfand s on theinside of the conning-plates, and shown on figs. 5 and (i, is to remove the itering-medium F F2 to a sucient distance -from the blank spaces of the confining-plate c, to prevent a lodguzent of the screened matter that would obstruct the free access of water to the surface of the filteringmedium Ii" Fi; The ribs s s s, shown on fig. 5, do not join the vertical ribsffjQithc object of which is to leave channels between the cross and vertical ribs, and between the blank spaces of the plate c and wire screens D and E, for the purpose of allowing the screened matter tosettlc down to the bottom of the lter-chambers e ae.

The object of the coarse-wire screen D is, first, to support the fine-wire gauze confining-screen E from sinking into the spaces between the ribsf and a, or against thc blank parts et" the plate H; and second, to remore the line-wire screen la more effectnally from having its surface obstructed from the free action of the water to thc whole of the surface, and the surface ef the filtering-mediums Fl and F. By the arrangement of the coarse and strong-wire screen, (the -wire of which is round, and the surface uneven where the wires are locked togethcr,) very small points are brought to support the tine-wire screen E, and the strong-wire screen allows of much larger spaces between theA bearings of the confining-plates, and consequently allows of much larger holes in them, for the purpose of admitting the water to the filtering-mediaan than could be used without the intermediate supporting-screen D.

I have shown my arrangement of the screens D and E, in iig. 7, as it would be found to -be of great advan ltage when used in combination with an ordinary perforated confining-plate, but it would work much better in combination with the ribed plate, gs. 5 and 6.

The object of making the filters BB B with outside surfaces of liltering-material, andan inside chamber to receive the`iiltered water, and a connecting neck, o, (as shown in fig. 1,) to pass the iiltered water into the channel H, is this, that when the filter is placed in a closed vessel or containing-chamber, where-there is a great pressure of water, it is much easier to make a tightjoint of a small surface than of a large one. Leakage of the unfiltered water into the channel of the filtered water is thereby guarded against, and the facility of removing and replacing the filter is much greater than would be the case with any other arrangement kof a removable filter.

The object or combining the filters B B B in the manner shown, is te make a lter that the parts may be cleansed separately and alternately, (by removing the filtering-medium and replacing freshmateriah) without stopping the flow of water; also to secure a copious flow of water for' the purpose of cleansing any one of the separate filters when the current of water is reversed and to make the parts of the filter easy and convenient to bc handled and repaeked, which is of great advantage in a large filter, suitable for a large paper-manufaetory,

.where a larve suppiy of water is required. f

'.lhe object in making the filter-containing chamber-case in the manner shown, is to securegrcatercompactness of the paris than would be obtained if the chambers were made separately, and connected together with pipes to conve-j.' the water to and from the filter. s f Y I wiil now describe the manner of working the iter: Water is passed through the pipe a', i g. 2, into the channel a, whence it passes through the opened valves l b b", thence through the partsV d I] into the filterchambers e e' e, thence through the perforated-plates c c", fig. 2, filtering-medium Fi F2, plates gg, to the chambers g g g, whence the 'filtered water passes through the passages p pp to thcV wate'rehannel Il, from which itis discharged at I, as shown by the arrows in'tig. 2, and in the chambers e and e, and ii'te'rs B and B,

iig. l. The black arrows represent unfiltered water and the red ones filtered water. i

To cleanse the iilteriB, shown in tig. 1, by reversing the current of water through it, clos-e the valve b', shown in lig. 2,'after which open the waste-cock la', and then close the stop-cock l. The-coursefof the water will then be into the 'filter-containing chambers e and c, thence through the filters B B, portsp'p, and into the chamber g', and through the filtering-material Fl F3 of filter B', into the containingehamber c", whence it passes oil'y through the cock k', shown in zig. 2.

'The course of the water in cleansing the lter B', is shown by the vblack and red arrows in iig. 1. The

whole of the water that has passed through the ilters B B", is made to pass through the filter B', cleansing both sides of the filter at the saine time. T.f it is desired to have a portion of the iilteredwater .or use, the

stop ecck I maybe only partly closed, and a part of the water drawn o5 through the delivery-pipe, and the i other portion passed through the filter which is being cleansed, as shown. f A i r l To change the filtering-material F' 172,'close the valves Z1 and i, and open the cock k of vthe chamber coutaining the filler to be cleansed and repacked, after which remove the fastenings v o, and take theiiilter from its chamber. when the confining-plates and screens can be removed and the filtering-material removed, and then the filter can be repaeked, replaced, and set to work. A more expeditious way would be to vhavefd'uplicate filters read) packed with clean filtering-material, so that after removing the unclean filter, it can immediately be replaced by a clean one, and again set to work with but little loss of time. The other filters may be kept at work undisturbed while the one is being changed. l

The form of thefilters B B B may be changed, and at the same time preserve theparts substantially the same. A

Any suitable iiteringmaterial or materials may be used, that are best suited for the purpose required, and any number of filters may be conjoined in the manner shown. By this arrangement of the 'lters, and 4their parts and connections, the filters can be worked separately or conjoiutly, and be made to cleanse each other most eileetually, by reversing the current through them, as shown.

Having thus described my improved lter, I claimi 1. The combination and arrangement'of the filte'rs B B B, water-channels H and a,"yal`ves 2'1" i and b b b, and stop-cocks k la and l, in manner substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

2. The removable filter B, having aninsdc water-chamber g, provided with a neck orpipa o, al1 con structed substantially as shown.

3. The ribsfand s, on the inside of the perforated plates c c, arranged in relation to each other substantially as set forth and for the purpose specified. v

4. The arrangement and combination of the coarse-wire supporting-screen D with the, perforated plates c c, {ine-wire cenfining-screen Il, and filtering-medium F, as and for the purpose shown and described.

5. A lter-containing chest having casing A A, partitions A' A, water-channels H arida,- valres Z1 b b and it" i, and cocks k' c, arranged .substantially in the manner shown.

Guo. immun.

Witnesses:

Grenen A. Nonna, Ennis J. McLain. 

